Mu buzima bwa none, amashanyarazi yabaye igice cy’ubuzima kitabaho cyangwa kibura. Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kubyaza umusaruro amashanyarazi, ariko kuki twahitamo icyuma gitanga amashanyarazi cya mazutu? Aha turareba imbaraga z’icyuma gitanga amashanyarazi cya mazutu gikoreshwa!
• 1. Ingano y'ubushobozi bw'imashini imwe, ibikoresho byoroshye. Amashanyarazi ya mazutu afite ubushobozi bwo kwigenga bwa kilowati nyinshi kugeza kuri kilowati ibihumbi icumi. Dukurikije akamaro kayo n'imiterere yayo, afite ubushobozi butandukanye kandi afite akarusho ko gukoreshwa mu mitwaro itandukanye y'amashanyarazi ishingiye ku bushobozi. Iyo shanyarazi ya mazutu yemejwe nk'isoko y'amashanyarazi yihutirwa kandi ihoraho, icyuma kimwe cyangwa byinshi birashobora gushyirwamo, kandi ubushobozi bwashyizweho bushobora gushyirwamo ibikoresho by'ingirakamaro hakurikijwe ibyo bikenewe.
• 2. Igice cy'ingufu z'imashini ni cyoroheje kandi kuyishyiraho ni ingirakamaro. Amashanyarazi ya mazutu afite ibikoresho byoroshye byo kuyishyigikira, ibikoresho bike by'inyongera, ingano nto, n'uburemere bworoheje. Urugero, fata moteri ya mazutu yihuta cyane, ubusanzwe ipima 820 kg/KW, kandi uruganda rutanga ingufu z'umwuka runini inshuro zirenga enye ugereranyije na moteri ya mazutu. Kubera iyi miterere y'amashanyarazi ya mazutu, irakomeye, yoroshye kuyitwara kandi yoroshye kuyitwara.
Imashini ikora mazutu ikoreshwa nk'imashini yigenga itanga amashanyarazi ikoresha uburyo bw'ibikoresho byigenga, mu gihe imashini zikora mazutu zikoresha amashanyarazi ahoraho cyangwa ayihutirwa zikoreshwa hamwe n'ibikoresho bihindagurika. Kubera ko imashini zikora mazutu zidakunze gukoreshwa icyarimwe n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi w'umujyi, ntabwo zikenera isoko ryuzuye ry'amazi [Ikiguzi cy'amazi akonjesha kuri moteri ya mazutu ni 3482L/(KW.h), ari kimwe cya cumi gusa cy'imashini ikora mazutu, kandi ubuso bw'ubutaka ni buto, bityo gushyiraho iyi mashini birarushaho kuba byiza.
• 3. Gukurikiza ubushyuhe bwinshi no gukoresha lisansi nke Gukurikiza ubushyuhe neza bwa moteri za mazutu ni 30% na 46%, turbine z'umwuka zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi ni 20% na 40%, naho turbine za gaze ni 20% na 30%. Bigaragara ko gukoresha ubushyuhe neza kwa moteri za mazutu ari hejuru, bityo lisansi yazo ikaba nke.
• 4. Tangira vuba kandi ushobora kugera ku ngufu zose vuba Gutangiza moteri ya mazutu akenshi bifata amasegonda make gusa. Mu gihe cy’impanuka, ishobora gushyirwamo ingufu mu munota 1. Mu gihe cy’imikorere isanzwe, ishyirwamo ingufu mu minota 510, kandi uruganda rutanga ingufu z’umwuka rutangira kuva rukora neza kugeza rumaze gushyirwamo ingufu mu masaha 34. Uburyo bwo kuzimya moteri ya mazutu nabwo ni bugufi cyane kandi bushobora gutangizwa no guhagarara kenshi. Kubwibyo, moteri zitanga mazutu zikwiriye ubufatanye nk’amashanyarazi yihutirwa cyangwa ay’inyongera.
• 5. Byoroshye gukoresha no kubungabunga Abakozi rusange basomye neza itangazo ry'abakozi ni bo bonyine bashobora gutangiza imashini ikora lisansi kandi bagakora imirimo isanzwe yo kuyisana. Amakosa y'iyi mashini ashobora kwemerwa ku mashini, gusana no kuyisana birakenewe, kandi abakozi bake ni bo bagomba kuyisana.
• 6. Ikiguzi gito cyuzuye cyo gushinga uruganda rw'amashanyarazi no kubyaza amashanyarazi Ugereranyije na turbine zigiye kubakwa, turbine zirimo umwuka zigomba gushyirwamo ibyuma bishyushya amashanyarazi, hamwe n'uburyo bunini bwo gutegura lisansi no gutunganya amazi, sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi ya mazutu ifite igice gito cy'ingenzi, izamuka ryihuse, n'ikiguzi gito cy'ishoramari.
Dukurikije imibare y’ibikoresho bifatika, ugereranije n’ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa nk’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mazi, ingufu z’umuyaga, n’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba, ndetse n’ingufu za kirimbuzi n’ingufu zikomoka ku bushyuhe, ikiguzi rusange cyo gushyiraho sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi ya mazutu no kuyabyaza amashanyarazi ni cyo gito cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-08-2022
